My understanding is that the Russians requested the ammo change from .44 American (outsized lube bullet) to the inside lube "Russian" style very early within S&W's production for them, and the large number of arms they were ordering from S&W, Smith was happy to comply for the same reason.
S&W's first offering to the US Gov. was in the .44 (Henry) rim fire. These were rejected. The US Army wanted a center fire. So, in hopes of getting a USA contract, Smith devoloped what became known as the .44-100 "American" centerfire. It was believed that centerfire cases would be easier for Armorers to reload and save on cost to the Gov.
US orders never amounted to much, but Smith kept the American chambering available
I can't quot were this "understanding" of mine comes from off hand... but I believe it is disscused in the Neal & Jinks book.
My best,
Blair